Domain Names and DNS: Everything You Need to Know to Get Started
Setting up a website begins with understanding the basics of domain names and the Domain Name System (DNS). Together, these elements allow users to find and interact with your site. Whether you’re new to domains or just looking to optimize your setup, this guide covers everything from domain name types to DNS management and domain transfers. Let’s dive in!
What is a Domain Name?
A domain name is the address that users type into a web browser to reach your website. It’s the human-readable version of an IP address, which is a series of numbers that computers use to identify a specific server. For instance, www.example.com is a domain name that users can easily remember and type instead of an IP like 192.0.2.1.
A domain name has several parts:
Second-Level Domain (SLD): This is the main part of your domain, like
exampleinexample.com.Top-Level Domain (TLD): The part after the dot, like
.comor.net, indicating the domain’s type or origin.
Together, the SLD and TLD create a complete domain name, such as example.com.
What is a TLD (Top-Level Domain)?
A Top-Level Domain (TLD) is the suffix at the end of a domain name that categorizes the domain. There are various types of TLDs:
Generic TLDs (gTLDs): Common, non-country-specific domains like
.com,.net, and.org.Country Code TLDs (ccTLDs): Designate specific countries or regions, such as
.ukfor the United Kingdom or.cafor Canada.Sponsored TLDs: TLDs used by specific organizations or communities, such as
.govfor U.S. government sites or.edufor educational institutions.New gTLDs: Recently introduced TLDs that offer more choices, like
.blog,.tech, or.store.
The TLD can impact the perception and SEO of your website. For example, .com is widely recognized and trusted, while ccTLDs are ideal for targeting specific countries.
Why Do I Need a Domain Name?
A domain name is essential for multiple reasons:
- Branding: A memorable domain name helps establish your brand identity online.
- Credibility: Having a custom domain name makes your website look more professional and trustworthy.
- Ease of Access: Instead of entering a lengthy IP address, users can easily access your site with a straightforward name.
- SEO Benefits: A domain name related to your niche or brand can improve search engine ranking and visibility.
- Ownership: Owning your domain name provides control over your website and email addresses, making it a valuable digital asset.
Where to Buy My Domain Name
When you’re ready to buy a domain, you can purchase it from domain registrars. Some popular options include:
- Elkhost: A trusted option for purchasing domains.
- Namecheap is well known for their exceptional offers for purchasing domains.
- GoDaddy Another well-known company in the domains world
Elkhost provides seamless integration for domains and hosting, and they support transfers, renewals, and DNS management.
How Can I Know Where My Domain is Currently Hosted?
To find out where your domain is hosted, you can use WHOIS lookup tools or DNS checking services. Here’s how:
- WHOIS Lookup: Search for your domain using a WHOIS lookup tool, which will display hosting and registration information.
- DNS Check Tools: Websites like
whatsmydns.netanddnschecker.orgreveal which nameservers are associated with your domain, showing where it’s hosted. - Control Panel: If you have a login for your domain provider, check the DNS settings, which will indicate the current hosting setup.
How to Point Your Domain to Elkhost Nameservers
Once you have purchased a domain, you need to point it to your hosting provider’s nameservers so that users can access your website. Here’s how to point your domain to Elkhost’s nameservers:
- Log into Your Domain Registrar Account: Access the control panel of the registrar where your domain was purchased.
- Locate DNS or Nameserver Settings: Find the section labeled “DNS Settings” or “Nameservers.”
- Edit Nameservers: Replace the existing nameservers with Elkhost’s nameservers:
ns1.elkhost.com
ns2.elkhost.com
- Save Changes: After saving, it may take a few minutes to an hour to update. However, complete propagation can take up to 48 hours.
What is DNS Propagation?
DNS Propagation is the process by which updated DNS records spread across the global network of servers. Each time you change DNS settings, such as nameservers, it takes time for these changes to be reflected across all servers worldwide. This propagation time varies, but it usually completes within 24-48 hours.
During propagation, some users may see your website at the new host, while others might still be directed to the old one. This temporary delay is normal and will resolve automatically.
How to Transfer My Domain to a New Registrar
Transferring a domain to a new registrar can be beneficial for consolidating services, accessing better prices, or gaining more control. Here’s how to transfer your domain:
Unlock Your Domain: In your current registrar’s dashboard, unlock your domain in the settings.
Get an Authorization Code: Request an authorization code, or “EPP code,” which will be sent to your email.
Initiate Transfer with the New Registrar: At the new registrar (e.g., Elkhost), start the transfer process by entering your domain and authorization code.
Approve the Transfer: Confirm the transfer request via email if required. Your current registrar may ask you to approve the transfer.
Wait for Transfer Completion: Domain transfers can take up to seven days. Once completed, your domain will be fully managed by your new registrar.
Understanding Key DNS Records for Domains
DNS records are configurations that link your domain to various resources. Here are some essential DNS record types:
A Record: Maps your domain to an IP address. For example,
example.compointing to192.0.2.1.CNAME Record: Maps one domain name to another domain name. Useful for subdomains (e.g.,
blog.example.compointing toexample.com).MX Record: Directs email traffic for your domain, specifying mail server destinations.
TXT Record: Stores text information for external verification, such as domain ownership or email security (e.g., SPF, DKIM).
NS Record: Specifies which nameservers are authoritative for the domain, guiding traffic to the correct location.
